1) Clinical trial registration
Any research that deals with a clinical trial should be registered with a primary national clinical trial registration site accredited by the WHO or the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.

2) Conflict of interest
Authors are required to disclose commercial or similar relationships to products or companies mentioned in or related to the subject matter of the article being submitted. Sources of funding for the article should be acknowledged before the reference section under the title of "Conflict of Interest". Affiliations of authors should include corporate appointments relating to or in connection with products or companies mentioned in the article.

3) Ethical consideration

• ① Informed Consent ‐ Manuscripts reporting the results of experimental investigation on human subjects must include a statement that informed consent was obtained.
• ② Declaration of Helsinki ‐ A statement is required that the described research adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.
• ③ When doing research on animal subjects, efforts should be made to minimize the pain and discomfort of experimental animals according to the guidelines of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) Statement for Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research, and that should be stated.
• ④ Ensure correct use of the terms sex (when reporting biological factors) and gender (identity, psychosocial or cultural factors), and, unless inappropriate, report the sex and/or gender of study participants, the sex of animals or cells, and describe the methods used to determine sex and gender. If the study was done involving an exclusive population, for example in only one sex, authors should justify why, except in obvious cases, (e.g., prostate cancer)." Authors should define how they determined race or ethnicity and justify their relevance.

4) Description of participants
Ensure correct use of the terms sex (when reporting biological factors) and gender (identity, psychosocial or cultural factors), and, unless inappropriate, report the sex or gender of study participants, the sex of animals or cells, and describe the methods used to determine sex or gender. If the study was done involving an exclusive population, for example in only one sex, authors should justify why, except in obvious cases (e.g., prostate cancer). Authors should define how they determined race or ethnicity and justify their relevance.

5) Publication ethics
Studies should pursue the fundamental principles of honesty, truthfulness, and accuracy in all research activities, and reject dishonest acts such as fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism.

6) Secondary publication
It is possible to republish manuscripts if it satisfies the condition of secondary publication of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals.

• 1) Fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism
  The theme, subjects, size of the study, selection of control group, and method of collecting samples should be in accordance with research ethics. Research misconduct includes fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism. Authors have to follow the rules about publication ethics.
• 2) Ethical approval and consent form
  Ethical approval and consent form IRB/Ethics Committee - Human subjects/materials/medical records - If the study involved human subjects, human-derived materials or human medical records, please include one of the following statements in the Methods section: "Institutional Review Board (IRB)/Ethics Committee approval was obtained" OR "IRB/Ethics Committee ruled that approval was not required for this study." If an IRB approved the study, IRB approval number should be written in the manuscript.
• 3) Process for managing research and publication misconduct
  When the journal faces suspected cases of research and publication misconduct such as redundant (duplicate) publication, plagiarism, fraudulent or fabricated data, changes in authorship, an undisclosed conflict of interest, ethical problems with a submitted manuscript, a reviewer who has appropriated an author's idea or data, complaints against editors, and soon, the resolution process will follow the flowchart provided by the Committee on Publication Ethics (http://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts). The discussion and decision on the suspected cases are carried out by the Editorial Board.

The AOCL adheres to the Uniform Requirements set by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (http://www.icmje.org/) for authorship. Authorship credit should be based on 1) substantial contributions to conception and design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; and 2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; and 3) final approval of the version to be published; and 4) agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. Authors should meet these four conditions. It is the responsibility of the corresponding author to confirm that each coauthor meets the requirements for authorship. The corresponding author is primarily responsible for all issues to the editor and audience. Any comment of the corresponding author is regarded as opinion of all coauthors.

1) When minors (under age 19) or family members (spouse, offspring, collateral blood relatives within the fourth degree) (a.k.a. person with special relationship; PSR) participated in submitting manuscript, the roles of PSR must be clearly stated.

2) A "Pre-release form for Co-authoring a Publication with Person with Special Relationship" must be submitted, if PSR are included in the authors.